FAQ

Semaglutidebụ glucagon-dị ka peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonist nnabata nke a na-ejikarị achịkwa ọkwa glucose ọbara na ndị ọrịa nwere ụdị ọrịa shuga 2. GLP-1 bụ homonụ endogenous nke mkpụrụ ndụ L-ezoro ezo n'ime obere eriri afọ mgbe erichara nri, na-arụ ọtụtụ ọrụ physiological. Semaglutide na-eṅomi omume physiological nke GLP-1 ma na-achịkwa glucose ọbara na ịdị arọ n'ụzọ atọ:

1. Na-akwalite mmepụta insulinGLP-1 na-akpali mmepụta nke insulin site na mkpụrụ ndụ β-pancreatic mgbe ọkwa glucose ọbara dị elu, na-enyere aka iwetulata glucose ọbara. Semaglutide na-akwalite usoro a site na ịgbalite GLP-1 nnabata, ọkachasị na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na ijikwa hyperglycemia postprandial. Usoro a na-enyere Semaglutide aka nke ọma belata ọkwa glucose ọbara mgbe nri gasịrị, na-eme ka njikwa glycemic zuru ezu na ndị ọrịa nwere ụdị ọrịa shuga 2.
2. Mgbochi nke glucagon secretion: Glucagon bụ homonụ nke mkpụrụ ndụ α-pancreatic na-emepụta nke na-akwalite mwepụta nke glucose na imeju mgbe ọkwa glucose ọbara dị ala. Agbanyeghị, n'ime ndị ọrịa nwere ụdị ọrịa shuga 2, ihe nzuzo glucagon na-abawanye nke ukwuu, na-eduga n'ọkwa glucose dị elu. Semaglutide na-egbochi oke nzuzo nke glucagon site na ịgbalite onye na-anabata GLP-1, na-enyere aka belata ọkwa glucose ọbara.
3. Mbelata nke mkpofu gastric: Semaglutide na-ebelatakwa ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mkpofu afọ, nke pụtara na ngafe nri site na afọ ruo obere eriri afọ na-egbu oge, na-eduga n'ịkwalite nwayọ nwayọ na ọkwa glucose ọbara mgbe nri gasịrị. Mmetụta a ọ bụghị naanị na-enyere aka ịchịkwa glucose ọbara mgbe nri gasịrị kamakwa ọ na-abawanye mmetụta nke afọ ojuju, na-ebelata oriri oriri n'ozuzu ya na inye aka na njikwa ibu.

Ewezuga mmetụta ya na ụkpụrụ glucose ọbara, Semaglutide egosila uru dị oke ibu na-efu, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ onye ndoro-ndoro maka ọgwụgwọ oke ibu. Mbelata ibu bara uru ọ bụghị naanị maka ndị ọrịa shuga kamakwa ndị na-abụghị ndị ọrịa mamịrị nwere oke ibu.

Usoro pụrụ iche na ịdị irè nke Semaglutide na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ọgwụ dị mkpa na njikwa ọrịa shuga. Na mgbakwunye, ka nyocha na-aga n'ihu, ngwa nwere ike nke Semaglutide na nchebe obi na ọgwụgwọ oke ibu na-enweta nlebara anya. Otú ọ dị, ụfọdụ mmetụta, dị ka ahụ erughị ala nke eriri afọ na ọgbụgbọ, nwere ike ime n'oge ojiji Semaglutide, ya mere a ga-eji ya n'okpuru nlekọta ahụike.

Liraglutidebụ glucagon-dị ka peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonist nnabata nke a na-ejikarị na ọgwụgwọ ụdị ọrịa shuga 2 na oke ibu. GLP-1 bụ homonụ nke L-cell na-ewepụta n'ime obere eriri afọ mgbe erichara nri, ọ na-arụkwa ọrụ dị iche iche n'ịhazi glucose ọbara. Liraglutide na-eṅomi omume nke GLP-1, na-arụ ọtụtụ mmetụta physiological dị mkpa:

1. Na-akwalite mmepụta insulin: Mgbe ọkwa glucose ọbara na-ebili, GLP-1 na-akpali mmepụta insulin site na mkpụrụ ndụ β-pancreatic, na-enyere aka belata ọkwa glucose ọbara. Liraglutide na-akwalite usoro a site na ịgbalite onye na-anabata GLP-1, ọkachasị na-emezi njikwa glucose ọbara n'oge hyperglycemia postprandial. Nke a na-eme Liraglutide n'ọtụtụ ebe na-achịkwa ọkwa glucose ọbara mgbe nri gasịrị na ndị ọrịa nwere ụdị ọrịa shuga 2.
2. Mgbochi nke glucagon secretionGlucagon bụ homonụ nke mkpụrụ ndụ α-pancreatic na-emepụta nke na-akwalite ntọhapụ nke glucose na imeju mgbe ọkwa glucose dị ala. Agbanyeghị, n'ime ndị ọrịa nwere ụdị ọrịa shuga 2, ihe nzuzo glucagon na-ebulikarị elu nke ukwuu, na-eduga n'ọkwa glucose dị elu. Liraglutide na-enyere aka ịchịkwa glucose ọbara site na igbochi secretion glucagon, na-ebelata mmụgharị glucose ọbara na ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa shuga.
3. Na-egbu oge mkpofu afọ: Liraglutide na-ebelatakwa ịwụfu afọ, nke pụtara na mbugharị nri site na afọ gaa n'ime eriri afọ na-egbu oge, na-eduga n'ịkwalite ọkwa glucose ọbara ji nwayọ nwayọ. Mmetụta a ọ bụghị nanị na-enyere aka ịchịkwa glucose ọbara kamakwa na-abawanye mmetụta nke afọ ojuju, na-ebelata oriri oriri na inyere ndị ọrịa aka ịchịkwa ibu ha.
4. Njikwa ibu: Na mgbakwunye na mmetụta ya na njikwa glucose ọbara, Liraglutide egosila nnukwu uru mbelata ibu. Nke a bụ tumadi n'ihi mmetụta ya na ibelata mkpofu gastric na ịba ụba satiety, na-eduga n'ibelata oriri caloric na mbelata ibu. N'ihi ịdị irè ya na mbelata ibu, a na-ejikwa Liraglutide na ọgwụgwọ oke ibu, ọkachasị ndị ọrịa nwere oke ibu.
5. Nchekwa obi: Nnyocha e mere n'oge na-adịbeghị anya egosila na Liraglutide nwekwara mmetụta nchebe obi, na-ebelata ihe ize ndụ nke ihe omume obi. Nke a emeela ka a na-ejikarị ya eme ihe na ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa shuga na ọrịa obi.

Na nchịkọta, Liraglutide na-achịkwa glucose ọbara na ịdị arọ site n'ọtụtụ usoro, na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na njikwa ọrịa shuga yana igosipụta ike na ọgwụgwọ oke ibu na nchebe obi. Agbanyeghị, ụfọdụ mmetụta, dị ka ọgbụgbọ, ọgbụgbọ, na hypoglycemia, nwere ike ime n'oge ojiji Liraglutide, yabụ enwere ike iji ya n'okpuru nlekọta ahụike iji hụ na nchekwa na ịdị mma.

Tirzepatidebụ ọgwụ peptide nwere ihe ọhụrụ emebere ka ọ rụọ ọrụ n'otu oge glucagon-dị ka peptide-1 (GLP-1) na nnabata insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) dabere na glucose. Agonism nke nnabata abụọ a na-enye Tirzepatide uru ụlọ ọgwụ pụrụ iche n'ịchịkwa ụdị ọrịa shuga 2 na ijikwa ibu.

1. GLP-1 Nnabata Agonism: GLP-1 bụ homonụ endogenous nke mkpụrụ ndụ L na-ezobere n'ime eriri afọ mgbe ha richara nri, na-akwalite mmepụta insulin, na-egbochi mwepụta glucagon, na-egbu oge ịwụsa afọ. Tirzepatide na-abawanye mmetụta ndị a site na ịgbalite ndị na-anabata GLP-1, na-enyere aka belata ọkwa glucose ọbara nke ọma, ọkachasị na njikwa glucose postprandial. Na mgbakwunye, ịgbalite nnabata GLP-1 na-abawanye satiety, na-ebelata iri nri na inye aka n'ibelata ibu.
2. GIP Nnabata Agonism: GIP bụ homonụ incretin ọzọ nke mkpụrụ ndụ K na-ewepụta n'ime eriri afọ, na-akwalite mmepụta insulin na ịhazi metabolism abụba. Tirzepatide na-eme ka insulin dịkwuo elu site na ịgbalite ndị na-anabata GIP ma nwee mmetụta dị mma na metabolism anụ ahụ abụba. Usoro ihe omume abụọ a na-enye Tirzepatide uru dị ukwuu n'ịkwalite mmetụta insulin, ibelata ọkwa glucose ọbara na ijikwa ibu.
3. Imefu afọ agwụla: Tirzepatide na-egbukwa oge ịwụsa afọ, nke pụtara na mmegharị nri site na afọ gaa na eriri afọ na-ebelata, na-eduga n'ịkwalite ịrị elu glucose ọbara nke nta nke nta mgbe nri gasịrị. Mmetụta a ọ bụghị naanị na-enyere aka ịchịkwa glucose ọbara kamakwa na-abawanye mmetụta nke afọ ojuju, na-ebelata oriri oriri.
4. Njikwa ibu: N'ihi ịgbalite ya ugboro abụọ nke GLP-1 na ndị na-anabata GIP, Tirzepatide egosila mmetụta dị ukwuu na njikwa ibu. Nnyocha ụlọ ọgwụ egosila na Tirzepatide nwere ike belata ibu ahụ nke ukwuu, nke bara uru karịsịa maka ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa shuga 2 nke kwesịrị ịchịkwa ibu ha.

Usoro dị iche iche nke Tirzepatide na-enye nhọrọ ọgwụgwọ ọhụrụ maka ijikwa ụdị ọrịa shuga 2, na-achịkwa glucose ọbara nke ọma mgbe ọ na-enyere ndị ọrịa aka inweta ibu ibu, si otú ahụ na-eme ka ahụike zuru ezu. N'agbanyeghị mmetụta ya dị ịrịba ama, mmetụta ụfọdụ, dị ka ahụ erughị ala nke eriri afọ, nwere ike ime n'oge a na-eji Tirzepatide, ya mere, a ga-eji ya n'okpuru nlekọta ahụike.

Oxytocinbụ hormone peptide na-apụta n'okike nke emebere na hypothalamus ma chekwaa ya ma wepụta ya site na azụ pituitary gland. Ọ na-arụ ọrụ dị oke mkpa na usoro ọmụmụ nwanyị, ọkachasị n'oge ime na oge ọmụmụ. Ọrụ bụ isi nke Oxytocin bụ ịkpali mkpụkọ akwara uterine site na ijikọ ndị na-anabata oxytocin na mkpụrụ ndụ akwara dị nro nke akpanwa. Omume a dị mkpa maka ịmalite na idobe usoro ọrụ.

N'oge ime nwa, ka nwa ọhụrụ na-agafe site na oghere ọmụmụ, ntọhapụ nke Oxytocin na-abawanye, na-eduga na nkwonkwo uterine siri ike na nke rhythmic nke na-enyere aka ịmụ nwa. Ọ bụrụ na ọganihu ebumpụta ụwa nke ọrụ na-adị ngwa ngwa ma ọ bụ kwụsịtụrụ, onye na-ahụ maka ahụike nwere ike inye Oxytocin sịntetik n'ime intravenously iji mee ka mgbochi nke akpanwa pụta ìhè ma mee ka usoro ọrụ dịkwuo elu. A maara usoro a dị ka induction ọrụ.

Na mgbakwunye na ịkpalite ọrụ, a na-eji Oxytocin eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe iji chịkwaa ọbara ọgbụgba mgbe ọmụmụ nwa, ihe mgbagwoju anya na nke nwere ike ịdị ize ndụ mgbe amuchara nwa. Ọbara ọgbụgba mgbe amuchara nwa na-apụtakarị mgbe akpanwa anaghị agbakọ nke ọma mgbe amuchara ya. Site n'ịkwalite mkparịta ụka uterine, Oxytocin na-enyere aka ibelata mfu ọbara, si otú ahụ na-ebelata ihe ize ndụ na ahụike nne nke ọbara ọgbụgba dị ukwuu kpatara.

Ọzọkwa, Oxytocin na-ekere òkè dị ukwuu n'inye ara ara. Mgbe nwa ọhụrụ na-aṅụ ara n'ọnụ nne ya, a na-ahapụ Oxytocin, na-eme ka mmiri ara ehi na-agbakọta na ịkwanye mmiri ara ehi site na ducts, na-eme ka mmiri ara ehi na-apụ. Usoro a dị mkpa maka inye nwa ara na-aga nke ọma, a na-ejikwa Oxytocin mgbe ụfọdụ iji nyere ndị nne na-enwe nsogbu n'oge a na-amụ nwa.

N'ozuzu, Oxytocin bụ ọgwụ dị mkpa na obstetrics, yana ngwa zuru ebe niile n'ịkwado ọrụ, ịchịkwa ọbara ọgbụgba mgbe ọmụmụ nwa, na ịkwado nwa ara. Ọ bụ ezie na Oxytocin na-adịkarị mma iji, nchịkwa ya kwesịrị ịbụ ndị ọkachamara ahụike na-eduzi ya mgbe niile iji hụ na nsonaazụ ọgwụgwọ kachasị mma ma belata mmetụta ndị nwere ike ime.

Carbetocinbụ analog oxytocin sịntetik nke a na-ejikarị egbochi ọbara ọgbụgba mgbe ọmụmụ nwa, karịsịa na-eso akụkụ cesarean. Ọbara ọbara na-agbapụta nwa oge bụ nsogbu siri ike nke nwere ike ime mgbe amuchara nwa, nke na-abụkarị n'ihi atony nke uterine, ebe akpanwa anaghị agbakọ nke ọma. Carbetocin na-arụ ọrụ site na ijikọ ndị na-anabata oxytocin n'elu mkpụrụ ndụ akwara dị nro nke uterine, na-eme ka ndị a na-anabata ya rụọ ọrụ, na-ebute nkwụsị nke uterine, si otú ahụ na-enyere aka ibelata ọbara ọbara mgbe ọmụmụ gasịrị.

E jiri ya tụnyere oxytocin eke, Carbetocin nwere ogologo ndụ ọkara, nke pụtara na ọ na-anọgide na-arụ ọrụ n'ime ahụ ruo ogologo oge. Ọrụ a na-agbatị ogologo oge na-enye Carbetocin ohere inyekwu ihe mgbochi uterine na-adịgide adịgide, na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo irè n'igbochi ọbara ọgbụgba mgbe ime nwa. Na mgbakwunye, Carbetocin anaghị achọ infusion na-aga n'ihu dị ka oxytocin mana enwere ike inye ya dị ka otu ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi, na-eme ka usoro ọgwụgwọ dị mfe yana ibelata ọchịchọ nke akụrụngwa ọgwụ.

Nnyocha ụlọ ọgwụ egosila na Carbetocin dị irè nke ukwuu n'igbochi ọbara ọgbụgba na-esote akụkụ cesarean, na-ebelata mkpa nke ọgwụ uterotonic ọzọ. Òtù Ahụ Ike Ụwa (WHO) agụnyere Carbetocin dị ka ọgwụgwọ ọkọlọtọ maka igbochi ọbara ọgbụgba na-amụ nwa, karịsịa na ntọala ndị nwere oke akụ ebe uru nke nchịkwa otu dose bara uru karịsịa.

Ọ dị mkpa iburu n'obi na ebe Carbetocin na-enye uru dị ukwuu n'igbochi ọbara ọgbụgba mgbe ọmụmụ nwa, ọ nwere ike ọ gaghị adabara ọnọdụ niile. N'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, dị ka mgbakasị uterine, mgbakwụnye placental na-adịghị mma, ma ọ bụ nkwụsịtụ, usoro ọgwụgwọ ndị ọzọ nwere ike ịka mma. Ya mere, ojiji nke Carbetocin kwesịrị ikpebi site n'aka ndị ọkachamara ahụike nwere ahụmahụ dabere na ọnọdụ ndị akọwapụtara.

Na nchịkọta, Carbetocin, dị ka analog oxytocin na-arụ ọrụ ogologo oge, na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'igbochi ọbara ọgbụgba mgbe ọmụmụ na-eso ma akụkụ cesarean na ịmụ nwa. Site n'ịkwalite mkparịta ụka uterine, ọ na-ebelata nke ọma ihe ize ndụ nke ọbara ọgbụgba mgbe amuchara nwa, na-enye nchebe dị mkpa maka ịmụ nwa.

Terlipressinbụ analog sịntetik nke homonụ antidiuretic nke a na-ejikarị agwọ ọrịa ọbara ọgbụgba na-akpata nke cirrhosis imeju, dị ka ọbara ọgbụgba variceal esophageal na hepatorenal syndrome. Ọbara ọgbụgba variceal nke esophageal bụ ihe mgbagwoju anya na nke siri ike na ndị ọrịa nwere cirrhosis imeju, ebe ọrịa hepatorenal bụ ụdị ọdịda akụrụ na-ebute site na arụ ọrụ imeju siri ike.

Terlipressin na-arụ ọrụ site n'iṅomi omume nke hormone antidiuretic (vasopressin), na-eme ka mgbochi nke arịa ọbara visceral, karịsịa na eriri afọ, si otú ahụ na-ebelata ọbara na-eruba na akụkụ ndị a. Vasoconstriction a na-enyere aka belata nrụgide vein portal, na-ebelata ohere nke ọbara ọgbụgba variceal. N'adịghị ka vasopressin omenala, Terlipressin nwere ogologo oge nke ime ihe na mmetụta dị ole na ole, na-eme ka a na-ejikarị ya eme ihe na ụlọ ọgwụ.

Na mgbakwunye na iji ya na nnukwu ọbara ọgbụgba, Terlipressin na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ịgwọ ọrịa hepatorenal. Ọrịa hepatorenal na-emekarị na ọkwa dị elu nke imeju imeju, nke a na-eji ngwa ngwa na-adaba na ọrụ akụrụ, yana ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ala dị ala. Terlipressin nwere ike imeziwanye usoro ọbara gbasara akụrụ, gbanwee ọrụ akụrụ, ma melite nsonaazụ onye ọrịa nke ukwuu.

Ọ dị mkpa ịmara na ọ bụ ezie na Terlipressin na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma n'ịgwọ ọnọdụ ndị a dị oke egwu, ojiji ya na-ebu ụfọdụ ihe ize ndụ, dị ka mmetụta ndị na-akpata ọrịa obi. Ya mere, a na-enyekarị Terlipressin n'ụlọ ọgwụ n'okpuru nlekọta anya nke ndị ọkachamara ahụike iji hụ na nchekwa na ịdị mma nke ọgwụgwọ ahụ.

Na nchịkọta, Terlipressin, dị ka ọgwụ peptide, na-arụ ọrụ na-enweghị atụ n'ịgwọ nnukwu ọbara ọgbụgba na ọrịa hepatorenal nke ọrịa imeju na-akpata. Ọ bụghị naanị na ọ na-achịkwa ọbara ọgbụgba nke ọma kamakwa ọ na-eme ka ọrụ akụrụ dịkwuo mma, na-enye ndị ọrịa ohere maka ọgwụgwọ ọzọ.

Bivalirudinbụ ọgwụ peptide sịntetik nkewa dị ka onye na-egbochi thrombin kpọmkwem, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe maka ọgwụgwọ anticoagulant, karịsịa na nnukwu ọrịa coronary syndromes (ACS) na percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Thrombin na-arụ ọrụ dị oke mkpa na usoro nchịkọta ọbara site n'ịgbanwe fibrinogen ka ọ bụrụ fibrin, na-eduga n'ichepụta thrombus. Bivalirudin na-arụ ọrụ site na ijikọ ozugbo na saịtị thrombin na-arụ ọrụ, na-egbochi ọrụ ya, si otú a na-enweta mmetụta anticoagulant.

1. Mgbochi ozugbo nke thrombin: Bivalirudin na-ejikọta ozugbo na etiti thrombin na-arụ ọrụ, na-egbochi mmekọrịta ya na fibrinogen. Njikọ a akọwapụtara nke ọma, na-ekwe ka Bivalirudin gbochie ma thrombin efu na thrombin ejikọtalarị na mkpụkọ. N'ihi ya, Bivalirudin na-egbochi n'ụzọ dị irè ka e guzobe clots ọhụrụ na mgbatị nke ndị dị adị.
2. Mmalite ngwa ngwa yana njikwa: Bivalirudin nwere ngwa ngwa mmalite nke ime ihe, na-emepụta ngwa ngwa anticoagulant mmetụta na nchịkwa intravenous. E jiri ya tụnyere ndị na-egbochi thrombin na-apụtaghị ìhè (dị ka heparin), ihe omume Bivalirudin na-anọghị na antithrombin III ma na-enye njikwa njikwa ka mma. Nke a pụtara na mmetụta anticoagulant ya bụ nke a na-ahụ anya ma dị mfe ijikwa, ọkachasị n'ọnọdụ ụlọ ọgwụ chọrọ njikwa zuru oke nke oge coagulation, dị ka usoro PCI.
3. Ogologo ndụ ọkara: Bivalirudin nwere obere ọkara ndụ, ihe dịka nkeji 25, na-ekwe ka mmetụta anticoagulant ya gbasaa ngwa ngwa mgbe ọ kwụsịrị. Njirimara a bara uru karịsịa maka ndị ọrịa na-achọ ọgwụ mgbochi dị mkpụmkpụ mana siri ike, dị ka n'oge usoro ntinye aka na akwara obi.
4. Ihe ize ndụ ọbara ọgbụgba dị ala: N'ihi ihe onwunwe ya, Bivalirudin na-enye ọgwụ mgbochi dị irè na obere ihe ize ndụ nke ọbara ọgbụgba. Nnyocha egosiwo na ndị ọrịa a na-emeso Bivalirudin nwere obere nsogbu nke nsogbu ọbara ọgbụgba ma e jiri ya tụnyere ndị na-anata heparin jikọtara ya na ndị na-emechi GP IIb/IIIa. Nke a na-eme Bivalirudin ka ọ bụrụ nhọrọ anticoagulant dị mma ma dị irè na ACS na ndị ọrịa PCI.

Na nchịkọta, Bivalirudin, dị ka onye na-egbochi thrombin kpọmkwem, na-enye usoro pụrụ iche nke ime ihe na uru ụlọ ọgwụ. Ọ bụghị nanị na ọ na-egbochi thrombin n'ụzọ dị irè iji gbochie ịmepụta clot kamakwa ọ nwere uru dị ka mmalite ngwa ngwa, obere ndụ ọkara ndụ, na obere ọbara ọgbụgba. Ya mere, a na-eji Bivalirudin eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe na ọgwụgwọ nke nnukwu ọrịa obi na n'oge ntinye aka nke akwara obi. Otú ọ dị, n'agbanyeghị ọkwa nchekwa ya dị elu, ekwesịrị iji ya n'okpuru nduzi nke ọkachamara ahụike iji hụ na nchekwa na ịdị irè ọgwụgwọ.

Octreotidebụ octapeptide sịntetik nke na-eṅomi omume somatostatin eke. Somatostatin bụ homonụ nke hypothalamus na anụ ahụ ndị ọzọ zoro ezo nke na-egbochi mmepụta nke homonụ dị iche iche, gụnyere homonụ uto, insulin, glucagon, na homonụ nke eriri afọ. A na-eji Octreotide eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe na omume ụlọ ọgwụ maka ọgwụgwọ nke ọnọdụ dị iche iche, ọkachasị ndị chọrọ njikwa nzuzo nzuzo nke homonụ na mgbaàmà metụtara etuto ahụ.

1. Ọgwụgwọ Acromegaly: Acromegaly bụ ọnọdụ nke na-ebute oke nzuzo nke homonụ na-eto eto, na-abụkarị n'ihi adenoma pituitary. Octreotide na-enyere aka belata ọkwa nke hormone na-eto eto na insulin-dị ka ihe na-eto eto-1 (IGF-1) n'ime ọbara site na igbochi mmepụta nke hormone uto, si otú ahụ na-ebelata mgbaàmà nke acromegaly, dị ka mmụba aka na ụkwụ, mgbanwe ọdịdị ihu. , na nkwonkwo mgbu.
2. Ọgwụgwọ Ọrịa Carcinoid: Ọrịa carcinoid na-akpata site na oke nzuzo nke serotonin na ihe ndị ọzọ na-eme ihe na-eme ka ahụ dị ndụ site na ụbụrụ carcinoid eriri afọ, na-eduga na mgbaàmà dị ka afọ ọsịsa, nsị, na ọrịa obi. Octreotide na-achịkwa nke ọma ihe mgbaàmà nke ọrịa carcinoid site na igbochi mmepụta nke homonụ na ihe ndị a, si otú a na-eme ka ndụ ndị ọrịa dịkwuo mma.
3. Ọgwụgwọ nke Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (GEP-NETs): GEP-NET bụ ụdị akpụ a na-adịghị ahụkebe nke na-esitekarị na tract gastrointestinal ma ọ bụ pancreas. A na-eji Octreotide chịkwaa uto etuto ndị a na akara ngosi ha na-ebute, ọkachasị na etuto arụ ọrụ nke na-ezobe oke homonụ. Site n'igbochi homonụ nke etuto ahụ zoro ezo, Octreotide nwere ike ibelata ihe mgbaàmà na, n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, uto etuto ahụ na-eji nwayọ.
4. Ngwa ndị ọzọ: Na mgbakwunye na ihe ndị bụ isi a kpọtụrụ aha n'elu, a na-ejikwa Octreotide na-agwọ ụfọdụ ọrịa endocrine na-adịghị ahụkebe, dị ka insulinomas, glucagonomas, na VIPomas (akpụ ahụ na-ezobe peptide vasoactive intestinal). Ọzọkwa, enwere ike iji Octreotide na ọgwụgwọ nnukwu ọnọdụ hemorrhagic, dị ka ịchịkwa ọbara ọgbụgba nke eriri afọ na ọbara ọgbụgba nke esophageal variceal.

N'ozuzu, Octreotide na-enye ọgwụgwọ dị irè site n'igbochi nzuzo nke hormones dị iche iche, karịsịa n'ịchịkwa ọrịa na mgbaàmà ndị metụtara secretion hormone. Otú ọ dị, ebe ọ bụ na Octreotide nwere ike ịkpata mmetụta ụfọdụ, dị ka ahụ erughị ala nke eriri afọ, nhazi gallstone, na mgbanwe nke ọkwa glucose ọbara, nleba anya nke ọma na ọgwụgwọ n'okpuru nduzi nke dọkịta dị mkpa.