Brock, M. et al. AntagomiR directed against miR-20a restores functional BMPR2 signalling and prevents vascular remodelling in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. Eur. Heart. J. 35, 3203–3211 (2012).

Liao, F. Herbs of activating blood circulation to remove blood stasis. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc. 23, 127–131 (2000).

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(a) Quantitative RT-PCR assay of miR-322 in rat lungs exposure to hypoxia (n = 3 for each group). Data were shown as mean ± SD, **p < 0.01 compared to Con. (b) Purity of rat PASMCs in primary culture. Smooth muscle cells were isolated from rat pulmonary artery and immunostained with smooth muscle α-actin (α-SMA, green) antibody and DAPI (blue) to assess purity. Scale bar, 40 μm. (c) Rat PASMCs and A7r5 cells were exposed to normoxia (21% O2) (N-Con) or hypoxia (3% O2) for 24 h (H-24 h). The relative levels of miR-322 was estimated by real-time PCR. Data are shown as means ± SD relative to respective normoxia controls, **p < 0.01. (d) Representative western blot showing HIF-1α, HIF-2α and β-actin (as loading control) protein levels in rat PASMCs and A7r5 cells exposed to either normoxia or hypoxia for 24 h. The full-length blots with these antibodies were presented in supplementary Figure S2. All gels have been run simultaneously under the same experimental conditions.

Abviva, Inc ( OTCPK:ABVV) was established to develop and commercialize diagnostic and therapeutic products from a novel breast cancer growth inhibitory protein. Research scientists at the prestigious University of Michigan Cancer Center discovered a secreted protein produced in normal breast epithelial cells that inhibits the growth of breast cancer. This discovery was developed into a diagnostic blood test for breast cancer, Mammastatin Serum Assay (MSA). The MSA will be used to screen women for early detection of breast cancer. In clinical studies Mammastatin was found to be normally present in blood serum of healthy women and absent in women with breast cancer. Abviva intends to offer the MSA to women and their doctors through its wholly owned clinical reference laboratory, Biomedical Diagnostics, LLC.

requirements or comply with legal and regulatory requirements or by disclosure of an accounting, reporting or control issue could adversely affect the trading price of our securities and our business. Material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting could also reduce our ability to obtain financing or could increase the cost of any financing we obtain. This could result in an adverse reaction in the financial markets due to a loss of confidence in the reliability of our financial statements.

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Other companies, including, Intercept Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Gilead Sciences, Inc., Allergan (through its acquisition of Tobira Therapeutics Inc.) and Genfit S.A., have molecules currently in Phase 3 clinical development; Madrigal, Shire, Novartis (through the in-license of Conatus Pharmaceuticals Inc.), Cirius, Inventiva and others have molecules in Phase 2B clinical development for the treatment of NASH and the fibrosis associated therewith. There are a host of other potential competitors in earlier stages of clinical development relative to us for the treatment of NASH including, but not limited to, Galectin Therapeutics Inc., AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, and Novartis. In February 2019, Intercept Pharmaceuticals announced its Phase 3 results of their OCA drug for the treatment of liver fibrosis due to NASH and Intercept reported that it intends to file for regulatory approval in the U.S. and Europe in the second half of 2019. If approved, OCA will become the first approved NASH drug.

We face uncertainties over the pricing of pharmaceutical products. Sales of Aramchol or any future product candidates will depend, in part, on the extent to which the costs of Aramchol or any future product candidates will be covered by third-party payors, such as federal health programs, commercial insurance and managed care organizations. These third-party payors are increasingly challenging the prices charged for medical products and services. Additionally, the containment of healthcare costs has become a priority of federal and state governments and the prices of drugs have been a focus in this effort. The U.S. government, state legislatures, foreign governments and third party payors have shown significant interest in implementing cost-containment programs, including price controls, pricing transparency disclosure obligations, restrictions on reimbursement and requirements for substitution of generic products. Adoption of price controls and cost-containment measures, and adoption of more restrictive policies in jurisdictions with existing controls and measures, could further limit our net revenue and results. If these third-party payors do not consider Aramchol or any future product candidates to be cost-effective compared to other therapies, they may not cover Aramchol or any future product candidates after approved as a benefit under their plans or, if they do, the level of payment may not be sufficient to allow us to sell Aramchol or any future product candidates on a profitable basis.

As is shown in Table 1, thrombin time (TT), prothrombin (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) were shortened, and fibrinogen (FIB) level was significantly increased in the model group. β-BA significantly prolonged TT, PT and APTT, and decreased FIB level compared with the model group, which demonstrated β-BA’s role to modulate plasma coagulation parameters in a dose-dependent manner.

Furthermore, pursuant to these regulations, such company may reappoint a person as an independent director for additional terms, beyond nine years, which do not exceed three years each, if each of the audit committee and the board of directors determine, in that order, that in light of the independent director’s expertise and special contribution to the board of directors and its committees, the reappointment for an additional term is in the company’s best interest.

Our business and operations may be materially adversely affected in the event of computer system failures or security breaches.